IPv6 WAN Types¶
Details can be found in IPv6 Configuration Types, but some of the most common ways of deploying IPv6 are:
- Static Addressing:
Native and using IPv6 either on its own or in a dual stack configuration alongside IPv4.
- DHCPv6:
Address automatically obtained by DHCPv6 to an upstream server. Prefix delegation may also be used with DHCPv6 to deliver a routed subnet to a DHCPv6 client.
- Stateless address auto configuration (SLAAC):
Automatically determines the IPv6 address by consulting router advertisement messages and generating an IP address inside a prefix. This is not very useful for a router, as there is no way to route a network for the “inside” of the firewall. It may be useful for appliance modes.
- 6RD Tunnel:
A method of tunneling IPv6 traffic inside IPv4. This is used by ISPs for rapid IPv6 deployment.
- 6to4 Tunnel:
Similar to 6RD but with different mechanisms and limitations.
- GIF Tunnel:
Not technically a direct WAN type, but commonly used. Customer builds an IPv4 GIF tunnel to a provider to tunnel IPv6 traffic.
While not technically a WAN type, IPv6 connectivity can also be arranged over a VPN such as IPsec, WireGuard, or OpenVPN. Most VPNs are capable of carrying IPv4 and IPv6 traffic simultaneously, so they can deliver IPv6 over IPv4, though with more overhead than a typical tunnel broker that uses GIF. These are good options for a company that has IPv6 at a datacenter or main office but not at a remote location.