High Availability Configuration Example with Multi-WAN

HA can also be deployed for firewall redundancy in a multi-WAN configuration. This section details the VIP and NAT configuration needed for a dual WAN HA deployment. This section only covers topics specific to HA and multi-WAN.

Determine IP Address Assignments

This example uses four IP addresses on each WAN. Each firewall needs an IP address, plus one CARP VIP for Outbound NAT, plus an additional CARP VIP for a 1:1 NAT entry that will be used for an internal mail server in the DMZ segment.

WAN and WAN2 IP Addressing

Table WAN IP Addressing show the IP addressing for both WANs. In most environments these will be public IP addresses.

WAN IP Addressing

IP Address

Usage

198.51.100.200

Shared CARP VIP for Outbound NAT

198.51.100.201

Primary firewall WAN

198.51.100.202

Secondary firewall WAN

198.51.100.203

Shared CARP VIP for 1:1 NAT

WAN2 IP Addressing

IP Address

Usage

203.0.113.10

Shared CARP VIP for Outbound NAT

203.0.113.11

Primary firewall WAN2

203.0.113.12

Secondary firewall WAN2

203.0.113.13

Shared CARP VIP for 1:1 NAT

LAN Addressing

The LAN subnet is 192.168.1.0/24. For this example, the LAN IP addresses are assigned as described in Table LAN IP Address Assignments:

LAN IP Address Assignments

IP Address

Usage

192.168.1.1

CARP shared LAN VIP

192.168.1.2

Primary firewall LAN

192.168.1.3

Secondary firewall LAN

DMZ Addressing

The DMZ subnet is 192.168.2.0/24. For this example, the DMZ IP addresses are assigned as described in Table DMZ IP Address Assignments:

DMZ IP Address Assignments

IP Address

Usage

192.168.2.1

CARP shared DMZ VIP

192.168.2.2

Primary firewall DMZ

192.168.2.3

Secondary firewall DMZ

Sync Interface Addressing

There will be no shared CARP VIP on the Sync interface because there is no need for one. These IP addresses are used only for communication between the HA nodes. For this example, 172.16.1.0/24 is the Sync subnet. The two nodes only require two IP addresses , but the example uses /24 to be consistent with the other internal interfaces. For the last octet of the IP addresses, use the same last octet as the LAN IP address on that node for consistency.

Sync IP Address Assignments

IP Address

Usage

172.16.1.2

Primary firewall Sync

172.16.1.3

Secondary firewall Sync

NAT Configuration

The NAT configuration when using HA with Multi-WAN is the same as HA with a single WAN, except the rules are repeated so there is a set for each WAN. Ensure that only CARP VIPs are used for inbound traffic or routing.

See also

See Network Address Translation for more information on NAT configuration.

Firewall Configuration

With Multi-WAN a firewall rule must be in place to pass traffic to local networks using the default gateway. Otherwise, when traffic attempts to reach the CARP address or from LAN to DMZ it will instead go out a WAN connection.

Add a rule at the top of the firewall rules for all internal interfaces which will direct traffic for all local networks to the default gateway. The important part is the gateway must be default for this rule and not one of the failover or load balance gateway groups. The destination for this rule would be the local LAN network, or an alias containing any locally reachable networks.

Multi-WAN HA with DMZ Diagram

Due to the additional WAN and DMZ elements, a diagram of this layout is much more complex as can be seen in Figure Diagram of Multi-WAN HA with DMZ.

../_images/diagrams-example-multi-wan-carp.png

Diagram of Multi-WAN HA with DMZ